Specifically, the accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in Ms enhanced LPS-induced expression of NRF2-dependent ROS detoxification enzymes (i.e., GSR) and suppressed the expression of HIF-1-dependent ROS producing enzymes (i.e., NOS2)
NAD(H) is mainly involved in catabolic reactions, 5,12,13 whereas NADP(H) is primarily involved in cellular antioxidative effects and anabolic reactions as shown in Fig
Although it is compatible with hydrating and brightening ingredients, but not with strong exfoliants
Compared with the cecal metabolome of untreated mice, the levels of primary bile acids (especially taurocholic acid (TCA)), carbohydrates, and sugar alcohols were elevated, while the levels of bacterial metabolites (secondary bile acids and carboxylic acids) were decreased (Gutierrez et al., 2020)