symptoms from smoking cigarettes Tobacco-Related Disorders Tobacco Addiction: Symptom, Causes, Effect,

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doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1763854 Received 09 December 2025 Revised 31 January 2026 Accepted 09 February 2026 Published 24 February 2026 Volume 14 - 2026 Edited by Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States Reviewed by Xiaotao Wang, Nanjing Normal University, China Santhidran Sinnappan, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia Updates Copyright 2026 Fei, Yan, Liu, Li, Gao, Li, Liu, Wu, Jiang, Zhang, Che and Zheng

Often called the "master plant" by many tribes, it has always been used by gastrointestinal or respiratory route - in juice, chewed or smoked - for its many uses

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