Similar content being viewed by others Background The vanishing testis syndrome (VTS), also known as testicular regression syndrome, is characterized by the absence of one or both testicles in a 46, XY individual and, as a cause of non-palpable testes, it is classified among disorders of sex development (46, XY DSD) [1]
The first one is to control nuclear receptors
Macrophage antigen-1 (Mac-1) Mac-1, a leukocyte integrin (CD11b/CD18, M 2 -integrin, CR3), binds soluble ligands (e.g., fibrinogen, factor X, and complement factor iC3b) and cell surface receptors (e.g., CD40L, ICAM-1, platelet GPIb, and RAGE) to regulate cell signaling, adhesion/extravasation, phagocytosis, thrombosis, and inflammation (115)
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